C. Which of the following is an online course characteristic that supports success? The function of an output device is to: Selected Answer: Convert electronic information produced by the computer system into human-intelligible form for presentation to end-users. A. Description. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). The Tandem-16 eventually led to the Non-Stop series of systems, which were used for early ATMs and to monitor stock trades. In 1977, MITS was sold to Pertec, which continued producing Altairs in 1978. A year later, it steered Apollo 11 to the lunar surface. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. The 400 served primarily as a game console, while the 800 was more of a home computer. D.
Stored-program computer - Wikipedia Updates called _____ contain fixes and enhancements to the operating system. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. The architecture that allowed Windows and IBM OS/2 has remained in subsequent chips.
Which Software Was The First Available For Microcomputers? The computer he created, an all-black cube was an important innovation. The banking industry rushed to adopt the machine, built to run during repair or expansion. The machines existence was not made public until the 1970s. The Newton line never performed as well as hoped and was discontinued in 1998. Steve Jobs, forced out of Apple in 1985, founds a new company NeXT. The 701 introduction also marked the beginning of IBMs entry into the large-scale computer market, a market it came to dominate in later decades. most important part of computer. Answer: . Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. Univac computers were used in many different applications but utilities, insurance companies and the US military were major customers. The machine was designed and built by Atanasoff and graduate student Clifford Berry between 1939 and 1942. Commodores Amiga 1000 is announced with a major event at New York's Lincoln Center featuring celebrities like Andy Warhol and Debbie Harry of the musical group Blondie. FTCE Physical Education Certification Exam, Alan S. Willsky, Alan V. Oppenheim, Hamid Nawab, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics, Brian Self, David Mazurek, E. Russell Johnston, Ferdinand Beer, Phillip Cornwell, 3.8.1 - Strategic direction: choosing which m, BCPS 2018: Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. See Answer. The ATX is the most commonly used form factor today. MOS 6502 ad from IEEE Computer, Sept. 1975. workstations. Ed de Castro, its main designer and co-founder of Data General, had earlier led the team that created the DEC PDP-8. The Air incorporated many of the technologies that had been associated with Apple's MacBook line of laptops, including integrated camera, and Wi-Fi capabilities. At the time IBM released the System/360, the company had just made the transition from discrete transistors to integrated circuits, and its major source of revenue began to move from punched card equipment to electronic computer systems. The Lisa ran on a Motorola 68000 microprocessor and came equipped with 1 MB of RAM, a 12-inch black-and-white monitor, dual 5.25-inch floppy disk drives and a 5 MB Profile hard drive. a. Mac OS b. DOS (Disk Operating System) c. desktop operating system d. Linux 0 points QUESTION 2 1. The fastest machine of its day, The Cray-1's speed comes partly from its shape, a "C," which reduces the length of wires and thus the time signals need to travel across them. Which software tool would be helpful for preparing a newsletter?
The first microcomputers (images) - CNET System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification. It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. Designer Thi Truong developed the computer while Philippe Kahn wrote the software. It was widely used in DEC's workstations and servers, as well as several supercomputers like the Chinese Sunway Blue Light system, and the Swiss Gigabooster. The line was discontinued less than two years later. Designed to replace the 32-bit VAX architecture, the Alpha is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor.
What is microcomputer? | Definition from TechTarget Compaq beats IBM to the market when it announces the Deskpro 386, the first computer on the market to use Intels new 80386 chip, a 32-bit microprocessor with 275,000 transistors on each chip. A later version of that machine became the PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer. All these previous chips set the stage for the first PC processors. Its large scope intrigued early hackers at MIT, who wrote the first computerized video game, SpaceWar!, as well as programs to play music. Customers included US military as well as industry. 1951. Apple introduces the Macintosh with a television commercial during the 1984 Super Bowl, which plays on the theme of totalitarianism in George Orwells book 1984. A commercial version of Alan Turing's Pilot ACE, called DEUCEthe Digital Electronic Universal Computing Engine -- is used mostly for science and engineering problems and a few commercial applications.
Based on ideas from Alan Turing, Britains Pilot ACE computer is constructed at the National Physical Laboratory. Under the auspices of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant, biomedical research faculty from around the United States came to a workshop at MIT to build their own LINCs, and then bring them back to their home institutions where they would be used. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. Motorola went on to create the 68000 series, which became the basis for the Apple Macintosh line of computers. The result was the Relay Interpolator, later called the Bell Labs Model II. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. A full-scale working replica of the ABC was completed in 1997, proving that the ABC machine functioned as Atanasoff had claimed. In 1973, after selling only 40 machines, Kenbak Corporation closed its doors. Headquartered in Maynard, Massachusetts, Digital Equipment Corporation, took over 8,680 square foot leased space in a nineteenth century mill that once produced blankets and uniforms for soldiers who fought in the Civil War. Xerox wasnt interested. Initially, Franklin won a court victory allowing them to continue cloning the machines, but in 1988, Apple won a copyright lawsuit against Franklin, forcing them to stop making Apple II clones.. Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. FoxBase was originally released for the Apple II in 1984, followed by versions for the Commodore 64, IBM PC, and Atari ST. A version for the Macintosh was also released in 1985. The Macintosh was the first successful mouse-driven computer with a graphical user interface and was based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. IBM establishes the 650 as its first mass-produced computer, with the company selling 450 in just one year. Built by a team led by engineers Frederick Williams and Tom Kilburn, the Mark I serves as the prototype for Ferrantis first computer the Ferranti Mark 1. Harkening back to the hobbyist era of personal computing in the 1970s, Arduino begins as a project of the Interaction Design Institute, Ivrea, Italy. A total of ten Colossi were delivered, each using as many as 2,500 vacuum tubes. Accept data (input) 2. assist teachers in preparing student IEPs. One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. Developed for Busicom, a Japanese calculator maker, the 4004 had 2250 transistors and could perform up to 90,000 operations per second in four-bit chunks. Subject. Minuteman missiles use transistorized computers to continuously calculate their position in flight. This real-time information system began operating in the early 1960s. The AGC was one of the earliest uses of integrated circuits, and used core memory, as well as read-only magnetic rope memory. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. Sun helped cement the model of a workstation having an Ethernet interface as well as high-resolution graphics and the UNIX operating system. An experiment conducted five months later on the MIT Whirlwind computer confirmed how useful and convenient a keyboard input device could be.
Microsoft MS-DOS early source code - CHM In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. VTech, founded in Hong Kong, had been a manufacturer of Pong-like games and educational toys when they introduce the Laser 128 computer. SWAC was used to solve problems in numerical analysis, including developing climate models and discovering five previously unknown Mersenne prime numbers. The machine was expandable, with ports for cassette storage, serial interface and rudimentary networking. The Invention of the PC These innovations made it cheaper and easier to. central processing unit (cpu) computers brain. What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? The Motorola 68000 microprocessor exhibited a processing speed far greater than its contemporaries. Within a year, he had built the worlds first laser printer, launching a new era in computer printing, generating billions of dollars in revenue for Xerox.
Mid-Term Exam | Digital Literacy Quiz - Quizizz - Quizizz The world This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. Nine of the computers, which featured dozens of advanced design innovations, were sold, mainly to national laboratories and major scientific users. Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. False Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices such as monitors, printers, and keyboards. Weighing 24 pounds and costing $1,795, the Osborne 1 is the first mass-produced portable computer. The 6600 retained the distinction of being the fastest computer in the world until surpassed by its successor, the CDC 7600, in 1968. The IBM PC revolutionized business computing by becoming the first PC to gain widespread adoption by industry. The 470V/6 was the companys first product and ran the same software as IBM System/370 computers but cost less and was smaller and faster. The Apple II, one of the first commercially successful microcomputers, was debuted at the inaugural show of which annual computer industry conference? Officially known as the Track Write, the automatically expanding full-sized keyboard used by the ThinkPad 701 is designed by inventor John Karidis. Programmer Arthur Samuels used the 701 to write the first computer program designed to play checkers. Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. The line was discontinued in 2014. Lenovo became the largest manufacturer of PCs in the world with the acquisition, later also acquiring IBM's server line of computers. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. answer choices True Fasle Question 3 30 seconds Q. It was the world's first commercial 16-bit minicomputer and 172 systems were sold. The most ambitious massively parallel computer at the time, the ILLIAC IV was plagued with design and production problems. It offered increased performance and storage capacity over the original IBM PC and sold for about $4,000. Quiz 1. Colligan, Dubinsky, Hawkins (left to right). Doug Ross wrote a memo advocating direct access in February. It managed Japan's first on-line, real-time reservation system for Kinki Nippon Railways in 1960. User interface Output was displayed on the users home TV screen through use of an adapter. Replacing their Archimedes computer, the RISC PC from UK's Acorn Computers uses the ARMv3 RISC microprocessor. Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. A (n) _____ is a computer that controls access to the hardware and software on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. true. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. The 6502 and its progeny are still used today, usually in embedded applications. Hewlett and Packard in their garage workshop. High packaging density of integrated circuits and a novel Freon cooling system also contributed to its speed. This high performance processor found its place in powerful work stations intended for graphics-intensive programs common in engineering. It was used to model the decay of the US nuclear arsenal, analyze financial data, and render 3D medical images in real-time. ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 30 tons. What can both teachers and students create to make a visual record their skill development over time? The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. Apple introduces their first ultra notebook a light, thin laptop with high-capacity battery. The dorm-room headquartered company sold IBM PC-compatible computers built from stock components. What are students programming when they develop a computer-generated environment in which a real-life scene is overlaid with computer-generated information? One biblical scholar even used a Univac 1 to compile a concordance to the King James version of the Bible. The project became the One Laptop per Child Consortium (OLPC) founded by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT's Media Lab. Five times faster than its predecessor, the 8008, the Intel 8080 could address four times as many bytes for a total of 64 kilobytes. Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). More than 50 PDP-1s were sold. Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. The PC era ended Wangs success, and it filed for bankruptcy in 1992. The 2116A is HPs first computer. IBMs initial investment of $5 billion was quickly returned as orders for the system climbed to 1,000 per month within two years. The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. Intel's first microprocessor, a 1/16-by-1/8-inch chip called the 4004, had the same computing power as the massive ENIAC.
Survey of Operating Systems Chapter #1 Flashcards | Quizlet Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. The first large commercial computers to use integrated circuits, RCA highlights the IC's advantage over IBMs custom SLT modules. Which of the following is not a benefit offered by simulations? It performed 2 million instructions per second, but other RISC-based computers worked significantly faster. It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. The notion of storing both data and instructions in memory became known as the stored program concept to distinguish it from earlier methods of instructing a computer. Scientific and defense applications included studies of human electrophysiology, nuclear weapon simulation, human genome mapping, and global climate change. Performing far better than the company projections of 3,000 units for the first year, in the first month after its release Tandy Radio Shacks first desktop computer the TRS-80 sells 10,000 units.
Quiz Chapters EME 4312 Flashcards | Quizlet Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac."
Types of Software used in Business - MBA Knowledge Base True/False False Mac OS X (now macOS) runs the same kernel used in its predecessor, Mac OS 9. Question 13. The Micral N was the first in the series and was produced by the company R2E. Many innovative programs were created for Johnniac, including the time-sharing system JOSS that allowed many users to simultaneously access the machine. selecting effective instructional software. The Relay Interpolator used 440 relays, and since it was programmable by paper tape, was used for other applications following the war.
Led by curator Doron Swade the team built Babbages machine in six years, using techniques that would have been available to Babbage at the time, proving that Babbages design was accurate and that it could have been built in his day. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. True The term DBMS is used in reference to spreadsheet software. The touchscreen enabled smartphone also had built-in GPS navigation, high-definition camera, texting, calendar, voice dictation, and weather reports. OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. Conceived in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, this credit card-sized computer features ease of use and simplicity making it highly popular with students and hobbyists. Designed by Sunnyvale, California native Steve Wozniak, and marketed by his friend Steve Jobs, the Apple-1 is a single-board computer for hobbyists. While larger than the previous G4 towers, the G5 had comparatively limited space for expansion. Promotional shot of the Compaq Deskpro 386s. Northrop was initially reluctant to make MADDIDA a commercial product, but by the end of 1952, six had sold.
History of computing hardware (1960s-present) - Wikipedia This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. spreadsheet program After the war, he concentrated on the development of Princetons Institute for Advanced Studies computer. Within weeks of its appearance, customers inundated its maker, MITS, with orders. The first generation of Palm-produced devices, the Palm 1000 and 5000, are based around a Motorola microprocessor running at 16MHz, and uses a special gestural input language called Graffiti, which is quick to learn and fast. The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. It used 53 vacuum tubes and hundreds of germanium diodes, with a magnetic drum for memory. 2. The ABC was at the center of a patent dispute related to the invention of the computer, which was resolved in 1973 when it was shown that ENIAC co-designer John Mauchly had seen the ABC shortly after it became functional. Approximately 90 percent of PCs run some version of Windows. Produce results (output) 4. Which instructional software function would probably be the most appropriate choice for allowing students to discover rules for genetics? Online retailer Amazon released the Kindle, one of the first to gain a large following among consumers. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when his students videoconference to exchange ideas about water pollution prevention? Its chiclet keyboard was also criticized for poor ergonomics. H. Edward Roberts, the Florida-born former U.S. Air Force officer who headed MITS, decided to design a small, affordable computer around the Intel 8080. The Mark 1 produced mathematical tables but was soon superseded by electronic stored-program computers. Based on the Touchstone Delta computer Intel had built at Caltech, the Paragon is a parallel supercomputer that uses 2,048 (later increased to more than four thousand) Intel i860 processors. Designed by John V. Blankenbaker using standard medium-- and small-scale integrated circuits, the Kenbak-1 relied on switches for input and lights for output from its 256-byte memory. The title of first commercially available general-purpose computer probably goes to Britains Ferranti Mark I for its sale of its first Mark I computer to Manchester University.
Chapter 3: Computer Software Flashcards | Quizlet At MIT, researchers begin experimenting with direct keyboard input to computers, a precursor to todays normal mode of operation. The Pi weighed only 45 grams and initially sold for only $25-$35 U.S. The Z3 was used for aerodynamic calculations but was destroyed in a bombing raid on Berlin in late 1943. The system cost more than $100 million to create and ran a variation of the Linux operating system with up to 10 petabytes of storage. Running on dual IBM 7090 mainframe computer systems, SABRE was inspired by IBMs earlier work on the SAGE air-defense system. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). The Univac 1 is the first commercial computer to attract widespread public attention. The first IBM system to include Intels 80386 chip, the company ships more than 1 million units by the end of the first year.
What was the first computer software and how was it made? Many companies have attempted to release electronic reading systems dating back to the early 1990s. Though it used a proprietary operating system, RISC OS, the RISC PC could run PC-compatible software using the Acorn PC Card. Sony had manufactured and sold computers in Japan, but the VAIO signals their entry into the global computer market. The LINC was later commercialized by DEC and sold as the LINC-8. Initially designed for internal use by HP employees, co-founder Bill Hewlett issues a challenge to his engineers in 1971: fit all of the features of their desktop scientific calculator into a package small enough for his shirt pocket. The system was IBM's response to losing control of the PC market with the rise of widespread copying of the original IBM PC design by clone makers. While it did not sell well, the operating system, Be OS, retained a loyal following even after Be stopped producing hardware in 1997 after less than 2,000 machines were produced. By 2011, over 2.4 million laptops had been shipped. Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. Remington Rand eventually sold 46 Univac 1s at more than $1 million each. The Advanced Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI) needed a supercomputer to help with the maintenance of the US nuclear arsenal following the ban on underground nuclear testing.
CHAPTER 1 questions & answers for quizzes and worksheets - Quizizz Answer (1 of 14): There's a good argument that written mathematics or music is probably the first, a pre-specified structured set of instructions intended to transport and replicate a process. Which of the following has research shown to be a benefit of online learning? Enterprise resource planning systems cannot be used for managing daily operations. Each Cray-1 took a full year to assemble and test and cost about $10 million. Named in honor of the space shuttle which broke-up on re-entry, the Columbia supercomputer is an important part of NASA's return to manned spaceflight after the 2003 disaster. The Alto is a groundbreaking computer with wide influence on the computer industry.
A Brief History of the Microcomputer - TurboFuture The DN100 is based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, high-resolution display and built-in networking - the three basic features of all workstations.
Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1 Flashcards The first microcomputer was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The first IBM PC, formally known as the IBM Model 5150, was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsofts MS-DOS operating system.
Microprocessors from 1971 to the Present - InformIT After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. The basic computer cost $28,500. When connected to a color television set, the Apple II produced brilliant color graphics for the time. Created almost five years after the original Apple II, Franklin's Ace 1000 main logic board is nearly identical to that in the Apple II+ computer, and other models were later cloned as well. Atari's 8-bit computers were influential in the arts, especially in the emerging DemoScene culture of the 1980s and '90s. VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users.
The Consumer Electronics Hall of Fame: Zojirushi Micom Electric Rice Solved Until recently, good microcomputer software for - Chegg The upgraded and faster Tianhe-1A used Intel Xeon CPUs as well, but switched to nVidia's Tesla GPUs and added more than 2,000 Fei-Tang (SPARC-based) processors. It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. This printing programmable calculator was made from discrete transistors and an acoustic delay-line memory. high interaction between students and the teacher. It had two operating modes, one that mirrored the segmented memory of older x86 chips, allowing full backward compatibility, and one that took full advantage of its more advanced technology. News of the groundbreaking electronic ENIAC computer that same year inspired the group to change course and attempt a digital solution, whereby flight variables could be rapidly programmed in software. 2.4 trillion. Despite using 98,304 PowerPC chips, Sequoia's relatively low power usage made it unusually efficient. The MOS 6502 was introduced at a conference in San Francisco at a cost of $25, far less than comparable processors from Intel and Motorola, leading some attendees to believe that the company was perpetrating a hoax. Gene Amdahl, father of the IBM System/360, starts his own company, Amdahl Corporation, to compete with IBM in mainframe computer systems. The electronic circuits (registers) of the arithmetic- logic unit perform both the arithmetic and logic functions needed for the software instructions to be executed. The Zilog Z-80 could run any program written for the 8080 and included twice as many built-in machine instructions. The LINC is an early and important example of a personal computer, that is, a computer designed for only one user.