how many people survived the 2004 tsunami how many people survived the 2004 tsunami

Scientists investigating the damage in Aceh found evidence that the wave reached a height of 24m (80ft) when coming ashore along large stretches of the coastline, rising to 30m (100ft) in some areas when travelling inland. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The tsunami also reached Antarctica, where tidal gauges at Japan's Showa Base recorded oscillations of up to a metre (3ft 3in), with disturbances lasting a couple of days. From the beginning local people took care of him and then a Swedish family found him., 143 As well as the sideways movement between the plates, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake resulted in a rise of the seafloor by several metres, displacing an estimated 30km3 (7.2cumi) of water and triggering devastating tsunami waves. How many peoples survived tsunami 2004? Deadly tsunami 1 26 December 2004 2 Triggered by 8.9 magnitude earthquake near Aceh, north Indonesia, at 07:59 local time (00:59 GMT) 3 Affected 14 countries 4 Nearly quarter of a million people died 5 Two million left homeless. The greatest tsunami inundation occurred at North Male Atoll, Male island at 250m (820ft) along the streets. I told my wife that it must be from the car outside. This was succeeded by the appearance of two large black-coloured steep waves which then travelled inland into the capital city as a large turbulent bore. Footage captured at Koh Lanta showed a wall of water swamping the beach, while another video taken at another location showed a large surfing wave like tsunami approaching the shore, lifting up a yacht and flooding the beach. She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. However, tourists were reluctant to do so for psychological reasons. This considerably outweighed the allocation by the government to disaster relief and reconstruction of 75 million and came to an average of about 5.50 (US$10) donated by every citizen. [141] Due to multiple factors, there was a 71.6% drop in the number of piracy incidents between 2004 and 2005, from 60 to 17 incidents. An even higher runup point was measured on a cliff near the town of Eyl, solely on an eyewitness account. I'd been a rescue worker all my life but I'd never experienced anything that huge before. This is the craziest video I've seen of the 2011 earthquake. Similarly, the natural Chandler wobble of the Earth, which in some cases can be up to 15m (50ft), will eventually offset the minor wobble produced by the earthquake. Footage showed evidence of back-flowing of the Aceh River, carrying debris and people from destroyed villages at the coast and transporting them up to 40km (25mi) inland. Peninsular Malaysia was shielded by the full force of the tsunami due to the protection offered by the island of Sumatra, which lies just off the western coast. This is the story of some of those who survived and what they did to help afterwards. There was 10m (33ft) movement laterally and 45m (1316ft) vertically along the fault line. Mara Beln Scientists believe it is the birds' ability to hear infrasound low-frequency sounds inaudible to humans that allows the birds to sense storms and tsunamis coming. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The water had gone down very far, to the middle of the sea, and there were many fish lying around all over the place. As the flood got closer, it started to pick up speed. We decided to head toward Phi Phi island as it wasn't too far and they had been badly hit. A video, taken by a local restaurant manager from a hill adjacent to the beach, showed that the tsunami's arrival was preceded by a sudden retreat of the sea exposing the seafloor. It also benefited from the fact that the earthquake proceeded more slowly in the northern rupture zone, greatly reducing the energy of the water displacements in that region. Waves of up to 30 metres were recorded as the tsunami swept through Aceh, the hardest hit region of Indonesia. They said they needed a place to put dead bodies from the wave so I had to be on standby at the temple waiting for the hospital to deliver the bodies. ", "Poster of the Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 28 March 2005 Magnitude 8.7", "Magnitude 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake FAQ", "Thousands flee as Indonesian volcano spews into life", "Volcano erupts on same Indonesian island as earlier quake", "NASA Details Earthquake Effects on the Earth", "Italian scientists say Asian quakes cause Earth's axis shifted", "Asian tsunami seabed pictured with sonar", "NASA/French Satellite Data Reveal New Details of Tsunami", "TOPEX/Poseidon Satellite Data on 26 December 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean", "NOAA Scientists able to Measure Tsunami Height from Space", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, "Radar satellites capture tsunami wave height", "Tsunami: The impact will last for decades", "Time travel map: Active Fault Research Center: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan", "Indian Ocean Tsunami" at Syowa Station, Antarctica", "Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004", "Tsunami Waves Channeled Around the Globe in 2004 Disaster", "Sri Lankans Seek Lost Relatives After Tsunami", Tsunami disaster: Focus: Nature's timebomb, "Girl, 10, used geography lesson to save lives", "Field Survey northern Sumatra and Banda Aceh, Indonesia and after the Tsunami and Earthquake of 26 December 2004", "Chapter 2 Earthquake, Tsunami and Damage in Banda Aceh and Northern Sumatra", "Northern Sumatra Field Survey after the December 2004 Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami", "Seconds From Disaster S03E13 Asian Tsunami", "Great Tsunami 12-26-04 at Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia 3 of 3", "Report on December 26, 2004, Indian Ocean Tsunami, Field Survey on Jan 2131 at North of Sumatra", "Tsunami Wave Run-ups: Indian Ocean 2004", "Survey of the December 26th 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Sri Lanka", "Observations by the International Tsunami Survey Team in Sri Lanka", "Chapter 4: Field Survey and Numerical Simulation on the 2004 Off-Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami in Thailand", "The 2004 Indian tsunami in Thailand: Surveyed runup heights and tide gauge records", "Zoltn Grossman Member of the Faculty in Geography & Native Studies", "Effects of the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Indian Mainland", "Damage to Andaman & Nicobar Islands due to Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004", "Quick Report on the Study of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami Effects", "The Great Sumatra Earthquake and Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 26, 2004: The Effects in Mainland India and in the Andaman-Nicobar Islands", "Inundation of sea water in Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Tamil Nadu coast during 2004 Sumatra tsunami", "Tsunami heights and damage along the Myanmar coast from the December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake", "Somalia Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami", "International Tsunami Information Center - International Tsunami Information Center", "Field Surveys of 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami From Sumatra to East Africa", "Myanmar is withholding true casualties figures, says Thai priest", "Hundreds of thousands of people killed as tsunamis devastate large swathes of South and Southeast Asia, coming as far as South Africa | South African History Online", "A2/2004Y Aasian luonnonkatastrofi 26.12.2004", "One year after the tsunami, Sri Lankan survivors still live in squalour", "India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Somalia, Thailand: Earthquake and Tsunami OCHA Situation Report No. So we all agreed that we should go help other people on the nearby island since we had two doctors and two nurses on board. Measurements from these satellites may prove invaluable for the understanding of the earthquake and tsunami. Survival, at this point, is a matter of luck. Each of these megathrust earthquakes also spawned tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean. Indonesia was the worst-hit country, with more than 120,000 dead. The size of a tsunami depends on where it originated, the geometry of the seafloor, and the orientation of the coastline. [156] In response, the Indian Minister of Home Affairs announced that a fresh onslaught of deadly tsunami was likely along the southern Indian coast and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, even as there was no sign of turbulence in the region. The magnitude 8.7 2005 NiasSimeulue earthquake, which originated off the coast of the Sumatran island of Nias, is not considered an aftershock, despite its proximity to the epicentre, and was most likely triggered by stress changes associated with the 2004 event. Do you need underlay for laminate flooring on concrete? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Governments and non-governmental organizations feared that the final death toll might double as a result of diseases, prompting a massive humanitarian response. Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. Similar to Sri Lanka, survivors reported three waves with the second wave being the most powerful. Also asked, how many survived the 2004 tsunami? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. All I saw were dead bodies floating in the water. Troy Broadbridge, 24, Australian Football League player (Melbourne). [137], While the tsunami destroyed many of the boats vital to Sri Lanka's fishing industry, it also created a demand for fibreglass-reinforced plastic catamarans in the boatyards of Tamil Nadu. [15] The plight of the affected people and countries prompted a worldwide humanitarian response, with donations totalling more than US$14 billion. [146], Before 2004, the tsunami created in both Indian and Pacific Ocean waters by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, thought to have resulted in anywhere from 36,000 to 120,000 deaths, had probably been the deadliest in the region. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. How I Survived the Tsunami, 10 Meters Underwater. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. Yossi Hasson arriving on the beaches of Thailand, a few days before the disaster. Some of them were still alive but many of them were dead. About 600 pilgrims died. Also to know is, how many families survived the 2004 tsunami? The TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 satellites happened to pass over the tsunami as it was crossing the ocean. This may affect rehabilitation work to follow. [135][136] In Sri Lanka, artisanal fishery, in which the use of fish baskets, fishing traps, and spears are commonly used, is an important source of fish for local markets; industrial fishery is the major economic activity, providing direct employment to about 250,000 people. That's when I realised something serious had happened. [99], According to the U.S. Geological Survey, a total of 227,898 people died. [165], Nations all over the world provided over US$14 billion in aid for damaged regions,[166] with the governments of Australia pledging US$819.9 million (including a US$760.6 million aid package for Indonesia), Germany offering US$660 million, Japan offering US$500 million, Canada offering US$343 million, Norway and the Netherlands offering both US$183 million, the United States offering US$35 million initially (increased to US$350 million), and the World Bank offering US$250 million. Several near-shore establishments and numerous infrastructures such as seawalls and a 20 MW diesel-generated power plant at Bamboo Flat were destroyed. The following day, more bodies start to come in. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. In many places, the waves reached as far as 2km (1.2mi) inland.[49]. The construction of seawalls and breakwaters reduced the power of waves at some locations. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. [citation needed] Inundation limit was found to be up to 1.25km (0.78mi) inland. Miraculously, all five family members survived. [78] A maximum inundation of approximately 2km (1.2mi) was measured, the inundated depths were 47m (1323ft) and there was evidence that the tsunami reached the third floor of a resort hotel. It didn't look like the killer wave you see in the movies. The raising of the seafloor significantly reduced the capacity of the Indian Ocean, producing a permanent rise in the global sea level by an estimated 0.1mm (0.004in).[27]. In Campbell Bay of Great Nicobar Island, the tsunami waves hit the area three times with an inundation limit of 250500m (8201,640ft). A family-of-five whose miraculous survival in the Boxing Day tsunami has been turned into a Hollywood film today relived their ordeal as their story prepares to hit the big screen. I noticed the temple ground covered in blood and lymph. When we arrived, it wasn't something I expected. In Yemen, the tsunami killed two people with a maximum runup of 2m (6.6ft). Click to see full answer. Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? Thousands of rice, mango, and banana plantations in Sri Lanka were destroyed almost entirely and will take years to recover. I took my friends from Bangkok out for a diving trip on that Sunday morning. So I closed my eyes, prayed, and prepared to die. The seismic waves of the earthquake were felt across the planet, as far away as the U.S. state of Oklahoma, where vertical movements of 3mm (0.12in) were recorded. Inundation was observed, along the east coast of South Andaman Island, restricted to Chidiyatapu, Burmanallah, Kodiaghat, Beadnabad, Corbyn's cove and Marina Park/Aberdeen Jetty areas. On the western coast, the runup elevations were 4.5m (15ft) at Kanyakumari District in Tamil Nadu and 3.4m (11ft) each at Kollam and Ernakulam districts in Kerala. [23] This quake, together with the Great Alaskan earthquake (1964) and the Great Chilean earthquake (1960), account for almost half of the total moment. On 28 September this year, he again found himself at the centre of a disaster this time in Palu. [132], The level of damage to the economy resulting from the tsunami depends on the scale examined. The most damaging tsunami on record before 2004 was the one that killed an estimated 40,000 people in 1782 following an earthquake in the South China Sea. [156] The announcement generated panic in the Indian Ocean region and caused thousands to flee their homes, which resulted in jammed roads. Furthermore, at the coastal town of Kanyakumari, the seabed was exposed briefly before a large wall of water can be seen on the horizon and subsequently flooding the town. Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped out. Hundreds of people were sent in. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2 km (2.0 mi) inland. On March 11, 2011, a man in Klamath River, Calif., died after he was swept away by a second wave while taking pictures of the Japan tsunami, Lopes said. Indonesia was the worst affected area, with most death toll estimates at around 170,000. An estimated 1,600km (1,000mi) of fault surface slipped (or ruptured) about 15m (50ft) along the subduction zone where the Indian Plate slides under (or subducts) the overriding Burma Plate. There's new evidence for what happened to people who survived Vesuvius Archaeologist studied tomb inscriptions and matched names to historical records. Many villages in the state of Andhra Pradesh were destroyed. WATCH: Are you a fan of Garden Rescue on BBC starring Charlie Dimmock? Banda Aceh, the closest major city, suffered severe casualties. The largest run-up measured was at 12.5m (41ft) with inundation distance of 3901,500m (1,2804,920ft) in Yala. How tall were the waves in the 2004 tsunami? An unusually high number of the victims appear to have been children, lost to epic waves that swept away the weak, the old and the young. [23][24], Since 1900, the only earthquakes recorded with a greater magnitude were the 1960 Valdivia earthquake (magnitude 9.5) and the 1964 Alaska earthquake in Prince William Sound (magnitude 9.2). [93], The tsunami travelled 5,000km (3,100mi) west across the open ocean before striking the East African country of Somalia. [76][pageneeded]. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands appear to have shifted south-west by around 1.25m (4ft 1in) and to have sunk by 1m (3ft 3in). Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. The sea was observed to rise suddenly before the onset of the first wave. Large tsunamis have occurred in the United States and will undoubtedly occur again. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms lvarez. Countries/Territory that lost citizens while abroad. Local eyewitnesses described three large waves, with the first wave rising gently to the foundation of the buildings, followed minutes later by a sudden withdrawal of the sea near the port of Ulee Lheue. Definition of nonohmic : not ohmic specifically, of a circuit : not having the property that a potential difference of one volt produces, What animals are extinct in 2015? The Indian Plate is part of the great Indo-Australian Plate, which underlies the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, and is moving north-east at an average of 60mm/a (0.075in/Ms). Major locations damaged included the western shores of Phuket island, the resort town of Khao Lak in Phang Nga Province, the coastal provinces of Krabi, Satun, Ranong and Trang and small offshore islands like Ko Racha Yai, the Phi Phi islands, the Surin Islands and the Similan archipelago. The largest amplitude signals are seismic surface waves that reach the antipode after about 100 minutes. However, the public health risks may have been exaggerated, and therefore this may not have been the best way to allocate resources. [153][154] The extensive international media coverage of the tsunami, and the role of mass media and journalists in reconstruction, were discussed by editors of newspapers and broadcast media in tsunami-affected areas, in special video-conferences set up by the Asia Pacific Journalism Centre. A person will be just swept up in it and carried along as debris; theres no swimming out of a tsunami, Garrison-Laney says. Moreover, the tsunami was detected by scuba divers around offshore islands like the Similan Islands and the Surin Islands. When I arrived, I saw staff floating face down in the water that flooded the basement of the building. The direct results caused major disruptions to living conditions and commerce in coastal provinces of surrounded countries, including Aceh (Indonesia), Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu (India) and Khao Lak (Thailand). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. lucent pension buyout 847-461-9794; how many people survived the 2004 tsunami. Basir, A.K. There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. The high fatality rate in the area was mainly due to lack of preparation of the community towards a tsunami and limited knowledge and education among the population regarding the natural phenomenon. [citation needed]. A massive tsunami with waves up to 30m (100ft) high, known in some countries as the Boxing Day Tsunami after the Boxing Day holiday, devastated communities along the surrounding coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries in one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. I led the prayer ceremony on the morning of 26 December 2004, which was a Buddhist holy day. Sri Lanka reported that it had received no foreign government aid, while foreign individuals had been generous. It wasn't the earthquake that destroyed japan it was the tsunami that followed. The tsunami first struck the eastern coastline and subsequently refracted around the southern point of Sri Lanka (Dondra Head). Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day. Compiling new navigational charts may take months or years. All of a sudden, the diving instructor told the boat driver to stop since he noticed something was wrong. One of the few coastal areas to evacuate ahead of the tsunami was on the Indonesian island of Simeulue, close to the epicentre. [82] Velankanni a sea shore town with a Catholic Basilica and a popular pilgrimage destination was also one of the worst hit by this tsunami that struck at around 9.30 am on that Sunday, when pilgrims who were mostly from Kerala among others were inside the church attending the Malayalam Mass. Read about our approach to external linking. Before the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reached Sri Lanka, many animals, like this elephant, moved to high ground and survived. The 2002 Sumatra earthquake is believed to have been a foreshock, preceding the main event by over two years. Despite its proximity to the incident, Malaysia escaped the kind of damage that struck countries thousands of miles further away (most of its western coast is shielded by Sumatra). What was the location of the earthquake that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? The waves receded before the first tsunami with the highest fatality reported from the densely populated Alappad panchayat (including the villages of Cheriya Azhikkal and Azhikkal) at Kollam district, caused by a 4m (13ft) tsunami. Such approaches to ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction appear to be most successful when local communities are closely involved as stakeholders throughout the process, and when careful attention is paid to the physical conditions of chosen sites to ensure that mangroves can thrive there. The inundation was observed to extend 34km (1.92.5mi) inland throughout the city. But, do not risk your life and attempt to motor your boat into deep water if it is too close to wave arrival time. Affected or destroyed towns on the region's north and east coast were Pidie Regency, Samalanga, Panteraja, and Lhokseumawe. How big was the tsunami that killed the dinosaurs? He pointed to the sea and told me there was no water at the beach. [105] Sweden was the European country most severely affected both in absolute numbers, and by a wide margin when considered in relation to the country's population, with a death toll of 543. Many of these tourists were caught off-guard by the tsunami, as they had no prior warning. The measured tsunami height was 4.6m (15ft) in the port. Amateur video recorded taken at a resort beach showed the tsunami arriving as a large wall of water as it approached the coast and flooding it as it advanced inland. [34], The energy released on the Earth's surface (ME, which is the seismic potential for damage) by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was estimated at 1.11017 joules (110PJ; 26Mt). [25] However, historical earthquake strength can sometimes be estimated by examining historical descriptions of the damage caused, and the geological records of the areas where they occurred. [151], The widespread devastation caused by the tsunami led GAM to declare a cease-fire on 28 December 2004 followed by the Indonesian government, and the two groups resumed long-stalled peace talks, which resulted in a peace agreement signed 15 August 2005. The tsunami of 2004 and the little girl in the Christmas dress; . In addition to a large number of local residents, up to 9,000 foreign tourists (mostly Europeans) enjoying the peak holiday travel season were among the dead or missing, especially people from the Nordic countries. I turned on the TV and saw what happened in my area. Ghosh Roy. Most of the victims were reported along the low-lying Xaafuun Peninsula. The north bay of Phi Phi Don Island opens to the north-west in the direction of the tsunami. Science Dec 24, 2014 2:11 PM EST. What happened? If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. The third wave came within 15 minutes after the second with lower wave height. [55] Tsunami detection is not easy because while a tsunami is in deep water, it has little height and a network of sensors is needed to detect it. In Malacca, located on the island of Car Nicobar, there were three tsunami waves. How many people died in the Boxing Day tsunami? There were two to five tsunamis that coincided with the local high tide in some areas. The United Nations estimated at the outset that the relief operation would be the costliest in human history. 26, 2004, when a 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian coast sent tidal wave speeding toward Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms. How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? The rising magma intrudes into the crust above and exits the Earth's crust through volcanoes in the form of a volcanic arc. My son's three friends told me he was missing. [94] The Puntland coast in northern Somalia was by far the area hardest hit by the waves to the west of the Indian subcontinent. Unicef officials estimate that of the 30,000 people killed by the tsunamis in Sri Lanka, at least 10,000 were children. [82] The worst affected area in Tamil Nadu was Nagapattinam district, with 6,051 fatalities caused by a 5m (16ft) tsunami, followed by Cuddalore district, with many villages destroyed. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". [82] The inundation distance varied between 1,006500m (3,3011,640ft) in most areas, except at river mouths, where it was more than 1km (0.62mi). The tsunami severely affected the Maldives at a distance of 2,500km (1,600mi) from the epicentre. Along the coast of Tamil Nadu, the 13km (8.1mi) Marina Beach in Chennai was battered by the tsunami which swept across the beach taking morning walkers unaware. I contacted him, but I was unable to reach him. The most devastating and deadliest tsunami was one in the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day, 2004.The tsunami was the most lethal ever to have occurred, with a death toll that reached a staggering figure of over 230,000, affecting people in 14 countries - with Indonesia hit worst, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand. [53] At Manzanillo, Mexico, a 2.6m (8.5ft) crest-to-trough tsunami was measured. It took a relatively long time to reach Struisbaai at the southernmost point of Africa, probably because of the broad continental shelf off South Africa and because the tsunami would have followed the South African coast from east to west. The environmental impact took a long time and significant resources to assess. Weeks after the earthquake, theoretical models suggested the earthquake shortened the length of a day by 2.68 microseconds, due to a decrease in the oblateness of the Earth. I said the prayer into the microphone, so everyone could hear it. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. On 26 December 2004, at 07:58:53 local time (UTC+7), a major earthquake with a magnitude of 9.19.3 Mw struck with an epicentre off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. Maldives Report", "Death toll in Asian tsunami disaster tops 159,000", "Asian tsunami death toll passes 144,000", "Tsunami Evaluation Coalition: Initial Findings", "On the weak impact of the 26 December Indian Ocean tsunami on the Bangladesh coast", "The South Sandwich Islands earthquake of 27 June 1929: seismological study and inference on tsunami risk for the southern Atlantic", "YEMEN: Tsunami damage over US$1 million UNEP assessment", "Helping restore the quality of drinking water after the tsunami".